新形势下对设计教育方法的思考

在信息化社会里,设计专业与社会需求之间有着非常紧密的联系,为了使学生在大量信息面前,对所学习的专业知识与技能,展开独立的思考,多向思维、多种角度去认识同一事物,并能根据自己的需要进行分类和整理,培养学生捕捉信息的敏锐感受和理解的能力,要求教师积极主动调整知识结构、增加新的教育方法来改善我们的设计教育,使每一个学生的潜能都能得到充分发展,并获得更直接、更实际的专业知识。     

The method of fundamental solutions for problems in static thermo-elasticity with incomplete boundary data

An inverse problem in static thermo-elasticity is investigated. The aim is to reconstruct the unspecified boundary data, as well as the temperature and displacement inside a body from over-specified boundary data measured on an accessible portion of its boundary. The problem is linear but ill-posed. The uniqueness of the solution is established but the continuous dependence on the input data is violated. In order to reconstruct a stable and accurate solution, the method of fundamental solutions is combined with Tikhonov regularization where the regularization parameter is selected based on the L-curve criterion. Numerical results are presented in both two and three dimensions showing the feasibility and ease of implementation of the proposed technique.     

A modified teaching–learning-based optimisation algorithm for bi-objective re-entrant hybrid flowshop scheduling

In this paper, a modified teaching–learning-based optimisation (mTLBO) algorithm is proposed to solve the re-entrant hybrid flowshop scheduling problem (RHFSP) with the makespan and the total tardiness criteria. Based on the simple job-based representation, a novel decoding method named equivalent due date-based permutation schedule is proposed to transfer an individual to a feasible schedule. At each generation, a number of superior individuals are selected as the teachers by the Pareto-based ranking phase. To enhance the exploitation ability in the promising area, the insertion-based local search is embedded in the search framework as the training phase for the TLBO. Due to the characteristics of the permutation-based discrete optimisation, the linear order crossover operator and the swap operator are adopted to imitate the interactions among the individuals in both the teaching phase and the learning phase. To store the non-dominated solutions explored during the search process, an external archive is used and updated when necessary. The influence of the parameter setting on the mTLBO in solving the RHFSP is investigated, and numerical tests with some benchmarking instances are carried out. The comparative results show that the proposed mTLBO outperforms the existing algorithms significantly.     

土地利用效益评估与在南部的实践

本文简要讨论了土地利用效益评价的内涵与原则,提出了两类评估方法,即专家估计效益综合指数法与土地直接产出法。在南部的实践说明两种方法的结果高度正相关。     

Shape optimization for tumor location

In non-invasive thermal diagnostics, accurate correlations between the thermal image at skin surface and interior human physiology are desired. In this work, an estimation methodology to determine unknown geometrical parameters of an embedded tumor is proposed. We define a functional that represents the mismatch between a measured experimental temperature profile, which may be obtained by infrared thermography on the skin surface, and the solution of an appropriate boundary problem. This functional is related to the geometrical parameters through the solution of the boundary problem, in such a way that finding the minimum of this functional form also means finding the unknown geometrical parameters of the embedded tumor. Sensitivity analysis techniques coupled with the adjoint method were considered to compute the shape derivative of the functional. Then, a nonmonotone spectral projected gradient method was implemented to solve the optimization problem of finding the optimal geometric parameters.     

Space and time localization for the estimation of distributed parameters in a finite element model

In this paper we study the problem of estimating the possibly non-homogeneous material coefficients inside a physical system, from transient excitations and measurements made in a few points on the boundary. We assume there is available an adequate Finite Element (FEM) model of the system, whose distributed physical parameters must be estimated from the experimental data.We propose a space–time localization approach that gives a better conditioned estimation problem, without the need of an expensive regularization. Some experimental results obtained on an elastic system with random coefficients are given.     

Controlling the diffusionless Lorenz equations with periodic parametric perturbation

Diffusionless Lorenz equations (DLE) are a simple one-parameter version of the well-known Lorenz model, which was obtained in the limit of high Rayleigh and Prandtl numbers, physically corresponding to diffusionless convection. A simple control method is presented to control chaos by using periodic parameter perturbation in DLE. By using the generalized Melnikov method, the parameter conditions could be obtained to guide the controlled DLE to a low-periodic motion. Moreover, the existence conditions of periodic orbits and homoclinic orbits in the system are given. Some results of the numerical simulation are also explained clearly by a rigorous analysis.     

Time-local formulation and identification of implicit Volterra models by use of diffusive representation

We present a time-continuous identification method for nonlinear dynamic Volterra models of the form HX=f(u,X)+v with H, a causal convolution operator. It is mainly based on a suitable parameterization of H deduced from the so-called diffusive representation, which is devoted to state representations of integral operators. Following this approach, the complex dynamic nature of H can be summarized by a few numerical parameters on which the identification of the dynamic part of the model will focus. The method is validated on a physical numerical example.     

NGluon: A package to calculate one-loop multi-gluon amplitudes

We present a computer library for the numerical evaluation of colour-ordered n-gluon amplitudes at one-loop order in pure Yang–Mills theory. The library uses the recently developed technique of generalised unitarity. Running in double precision the library yields reliable results for up to 14 gluons with only a small fraction of events requiring a re-evaluation using extended floating point arithmetic. We believe that the library presented here provides an important contribution to future LHC phenomenology. The program may also prove useful in cross checking results obtained by other methods. In addition, the code provides a sample implementation which may serve as a starting point for further developments.

Program summary

Program title:NGluonCatalogue identifier: AEIZ_v1_0Program summary URL:http://cpc.cs.qub.ac.uk/summaries/AEIZ_v1_0.htmlProgram obtainable from: CPC Program Library, Queen?s University, Belfast, N. IrelandLicensing provisions: GNU Public LicenseNo. of lines in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 30 677No. of bytes in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 334 896Distribution format: tar.gzProgramming language: C++Computer: Any computer platform supported by the GNU compiler suite.Operating system: No specific requirements – tested on Scientific Linux 5.2.RAM: Depending on the complexity, for realistic applications like 10 gluon production in double precision below 10 MB.Classification: 11.5External routines: QCDLoop (http://qcdloop.fnal.gov/), qd (http://crd.lbl.gov/~dhbailey/mpdist/)Nature of problem: Evaluation of next-to-leading order corrections for gluon scattering amplitudes in pure gauge theory.Solution method: Purely numerical approach based on tree amplitudes obtained via Berends–Giele recursion combined with unitarity method.Restrictions: Running in double precision the number of gluons should not exceed 14.Running time: Depending on the number of external gluons between less than a millisecond (4 gluons) up to a 1 s (14 gluons) per phase space point.     

A general formulation of monotonically convergent algorithms in the control of quantum dynamics beyond the linear dipole interaction

This paper presents a general method to formulate monotonically convergent algorithms for identifying optimal control fields to manipulate quantum dynamics phenomena beyond the linear dipole interaction. The method, facilitated by a field-dependent dipole moment operator, is based on an integral equation of the first kind arising from the Heisenberg equation of motion for tracking a time-dependent, dynamical invariant observable associated with a reference control field.